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Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is a museum of modern and contemporary art, designed by Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry, and located in Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain. The museum was inaugurated on October 18, 1997, by former King Juan Carlos I of Spain. Built alongside the Nervion River, which runs through the city of Bilbao to the Cantabrian Sea, it is one of several museums belonging to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and features permanent and visiting exhibits of works by Spanish and international artists.
One of the most admired works of contemporary architecture, the building has been hailed as a "signal moment in the architectural culture", because it represents "one of those rare moments when critics, academics, and the general public were all completely united about something." The museum was the building most frequently named as one of the most important works completed since 1980 in the 2010 World Architecture Survey among architecture experts.〔
==History==
In 1981, the Basque government suggested to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation that it would fund a Guggenheim museum to be built in Bilbao's decrepit port area, once the city's main source of income.〔Templar, Karen. ("Frank Gerry" ), ''Salon'', October 5, 1997, accessed March 21, 2012〕〔("Guggenheim Museum Bilbao" ), The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation, accessed April 4, 2012〕〔(Security tight before Guggenheim Museum opens in Basque city ), ''CNN'', October 18, 1997〕 The Basque government agreed to cover the US$100 million construction cost, to create a US$50 million acquisitions fund, to pay a one-time US$20 million fee to the Guggenheim and to subsidize the museum's US$12 million annual budget. In exchange, the Foundation agreed to manage the institution, rotate parts of its permanent collection through the Bilbao museum and organize temporary exhibitions.〔Riding, Alan. ("A Gleaming New Guggenheim for Grimy Bilbao" ), ''The New York Times'', 24 June 1997.〕
The museum was built by Ferrovial,〔(Ferrovial history )〕 at a cost of US$89 million.〔Ouroussoff, Nicolai. ("The Architect's New Museum in Bilbao, Spain, Emerges as a Testament to One Man's Optimism Amid a Landscape of Industrial Decay" ), ''Los Angeles Times'', 2 June 1997.〕 About 5,000 residents of Bilbao attended a preopening extravaganza outside the museum on the night preceding the official opening, featuring an outdoor light show and concerts. On October 18, 1997, the museum was opened by Juan Carlos I of Spain.〔
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